苹果枝梢化学成分与对苹果绵蚜抗性的比较

果树对苹果绵蚜的抗性与多种因素有关。其中营养成分α-氨基氮的含量,以及毒性成分多酚(φ)的含量尤为重要。     

Frequency of and risk factors for epistaxis associated with exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage in horses: 251,609 race starts (1992-1997)

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of epistaxis during or after racing among racehorses and identify factors associated with development of epistaxis. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SAMPLE POPULATION: 247,564 Thoroughbred and 4,045 Anglo-Arab race starts. PROCEDURE: Race start information (breed, age, sex, racing distance, and race type) was obtained for Thoroughbred and Anglo-Arab horses racing in Japan Racing Association-sanctioned races between 1992 and 1997. All horses that raced were examined by a veterinarian within 30 minutes of the conclusion of the race; any horse that had blood at the nostrils was examined with an endoscope. If blood was observed in the trachea, epistaxis related to exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage (EIPH) was diagnosed. RESULTS: Epistaxis related to EIPH was identified following 369 race starts (0.15%). Frequency of EIPH-related epistaxis was significantly associated with race type, age, distance, and sex. Epistaxis was more common following steeplechase races than following flat races, in older horses than in horses that were 2 years old, following races < or =1,600 m long than following races between 1,601 and 2,000 m long, and in females than in sexually intact males. For horses that had an episode of epistaxis, the recurrence rate was 4.64%. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggested that frequency of EIPH-related epistaxis in racehorses is associated with the horse's age and sex, the type of race, and the distance raced. The higher frequency in shorter races suggests that higher intensity exercise of shorter duration may increase the probability of EIPH.     

大白菜游离小孢子培养中若干因素对胚状体诱导和植株再生影响

以多种类型的大白菜品系及F1为试材,探索了若干因素对大白菜游离小孢子培养效果的影响。结果表明：不同基因型的大白菜游离小孢子的成胚能力差异极大,产胚量最高的基因型达到187个／皿,最低的为0个／皿;NLN－13液体培养基中BA的浓度为0．2mg/L（毫克／升）,有利于小孢子胚状体的发生;NLN－13液体培养基中添加少量活性碳可明显促进小孢子胚状体的形成;大白菜小孢子植株在1／2MS＋3％蔗糖＋0．8％琼脂＋0．1mg/ml（毫克／升）NAA生根培养基上生根良好,将已生根的小孢子植株移到1／2塘土＋1／2粪土的盆中便可成活与生长。     

分光光度法测定盐霉素的含量

研究了分光光度法测定盐霉素含量的方法.检测波长为528 nm,以95%乙醇为溶剂,4%香草醛溶液为显色剂,显色温度70～74 ℃,显色时间40 min.盐霉素浓度在40～280 u/mL范围内与吸光度呈线性关系,相关系数0.999 6(n=6),回收率在100.1%～100.8%(n=5);RSD在0.8%～1.2%.本法适用于制药厂盐霉素生产的中间体质量控制.     

叶施N、N+Fe对假俭草扦插成活及成坪速度的影响

试验用不同浓度的N对假俭草插穗进行浸泡处理后,观测插穗的外观反映,并通过测定生根时间、生根长度、生根数量,说明用4%的尿素溶液处理能使假俭草插穗的成活率提高24%,过高的浓度使插穗出现中毒症状;而4%的尿素与Fe溶液共同处理后,插穗的成活率可提高32%.在假俭草幼坪上叶施不同浓度的N、N+Fe,通过测定茎的生长速度、分蘖情况,说明叶施合适的N、N+Fe可以加速假俭草草坪的成坪速度,并且提高草坪的外在品质,也提高了假俭草的活力和抗逆性.     

南美斑潜蝇及其寄生蜂消长规律

对云南省南美斑潜蝇及其主要寄生蜂潜蝇姬小蜂和潜蝇茧蜂的种群消长规律进行了研究。南美斑潜蝇在昆明关上菜区于 4、7、10月出现 3个高峰。潜蝇姬小蜂在春季蚕豆上种群数量较高 ,是控制南美斑潜蝇的主要蜂种。潜蝇茧蜂在秋季大棚内种群数量较高 ,是控制大棚南美斑潜蝇的主要蜂种。这两种寄生蜂对作物寄主有明显的选择性 ,潜蝇姬小蜂在春季的蚕豆、豌豆和芹菜上种群数量较高 ,潜蝇茧蜂在秋季的莴笋上种群数量较高     

Site classification of the eastern forest region of Daxing''''an Mountains

StudysiteThestudysiteislocatedintheeasternslopeofDaxing'anMountains(47"25'~49'37'N,119'37'-122"45'E),whichbelongstotheBalinForestryBu-reauofNeiMenggol.ThemaintopographyislowermountainsandhilIs.Thealtitudeis4oo~1ooom.Theannualaccumulativetemperature(>=1oC)isabout1845oC.AnnuaIprecipitationis42omm.Annualaveragetemperatureis-15t.Thefrost-freeperiodis97d.lnthisarea,thezonalsoilisbrownconiferousforestsoil,theothertypeofsoilismeadowsoilandbogsoiI.ThemainfundamentaIrockisgrinite.ThebasaItisse…     

Immunohistochemical analysis of pseudorabies virus spread through neurons innervating the eyeball

Pseudorabies virus (PRV) was inoculated intraocularly into BALB/c mice, and the distribution pattern of cells positive for several neurotransmitters and viral antigens in the eyeball, trigeminal nerve ganglia, and superior cervical ganglia was examined immunohistochemically to clarify the neural route of the virus spread. In the eyeball, substance P (SP)- and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-positive cells were detected in the ipsilateral iris and ciliary body, neuropeptide tyrosine (NPY)-positive cells were detected in the choloid membrane, and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive cells were detected in the ipsilateral inner nuclear layer of the retina; all these cells contained viral antigens. In the superior cervical ganglia, viral antigen-positive cells containing TH or NPY were found at bilateral sites. In the trigeminal nerve ganglia, viral antigen-positive cells containing SP or CGRP were found at bilateral sites. These findings indicated that the SP- and CGRP-positive ganglion cells of the trigeminal nerve ganglia innervating the iris or ciliary body, and the NPY-positive ganglion cells of the superior cervical ganglia innervating the iris, ciliary body, and choroid membrane served as the route for the virus spread. These findings also suggested that dopaminergic neurons, such as the TH-positive retinal cells and TH-positive ganglion cells of the superior cervical ganglia, served as the route for virus spread.     

用麦蛾卵大量繁殖甘蓝夜蛾赤眼蜂(Trichogramma brassicae)

在2000年建成的麦蛾生产线基础上,经多次试验后完成了具有日生产赤眼蜂200万头生产能力的繁蜂设备,2001年最高日繁蜂量120万头。通过改进生产工艺和设备,扩大规模,提高繁蜂效率,日繁甘蓝夜蛾赤眼蜂1100万头,生产能力提高了5.5倍。生产成本比原来降低了47.3％。     

Concentrations and specific antibodies to staphylococcal enterotoxin-C and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 in bovine mammary gland secretions,and inflammatory response to the intramammary inoculation of these toxins

To investigate the pathological role of staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) in bovine mastitis, the production of SEs and TSST-1 was investigated in staphylococci isolated from 120 mammary gland secretions (MGS, 51 from no clinical sign-mammary glands and 69 from staphylococcal mastitic-mammary glands) collected from dairy farms where staphylococcal mastitis frequently occurred in Miyagi and Yamagata prefectures from 1997 to 1998. Concentrations of these toxins and specific antibody titers in each MGS were also measured. Furthermore, SEC and TSST-1 were inoculated into lactating mammary glands and inflammatory responses were analyzed. A high percentage of staphylococci including Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from both no clinical sign- and mastitic-MGS produced both SEC and/or TSST-1. The concentration of SEC increased with the severity of the mastitis, and was significantly higher (P<0.05) in acute mastitic-than in no clinical signs-MGS. Titers of specific antibodies to TSST-1 in MGS were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those to SEC, regardless of whether or not the cows were lactating or mastitic. Specific antibodies purified from MGS neutralized each toxin in vitro. A significant increase (P < 0.05) in somatic cell counts was induced by the intramammary inoculation of SEC but not TSST-1. These findings indicated that SEC rather than TSST-1 plays an important role in the pathology of staphylococcal bovine mastitis. The inflammatory activity of TSST-1 was probably neutralized by specific antibodies in MGS.